Guyyyss,
ketemu lagi nihhh,, aduhh pasti bosen yaaa ketemu ma aku lagi haha tenang nie
posting terakhir,, and nie macam-macam terakhir dari reading skill untuk
kaliannn… selamat menikmati yyacckk.. moga selalu bermanfaat… daaaaaa 0(n^_^n)0
READING COMPREHENSION
Reading comprehension is the ability to read text, process it and
understand its meaning. An individual's ability to comprehend text is
influenced by their traits and skills, one of which is the ability to make
inferences. If word recognition is difficult, students use too much of their
processing capacity to read individual words, which
interferes with their ability to comprehend what is read. There are a number of
approaches to improve reading comprehension, including improving one's
vocabulary and reading strategies.
Definition
Reading comprehension is defined as the level of
understanding of a text/message. This understanding comes from the interaction
between the words that are written and how they trigger knowledge outside the
text/message. Comprehension is a "creative, multifaceted process" dependent
upon four language skills: phonology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics. Proficient reading depends on the ability to recognize words quickly and
effortlessly. It is also determined by an individual's cognitive
development, which is "the construction of thought processes". Some
people learn through education or instruction and others through direct
experiences.
There are specific traits that determine how
successful an individual will comprehend text, including prior knowledge about
the subject, well developed language, and the ability to make inferences.
Having the skill to monitor comprehension is a factor: "Why is this
important?" and "Do I need to read the entire text?" are
examples. Lastly, is the ability to be self-correcting to solve comprehension problems
as they arise.
Reading comprehension levels
Reading comprehension involves two levels of processing, shallow (low-level) processing and deep (high-level) processing. Deep
processing involves semantic processing, which happens when we encode the
meaning of a word and relate it to similar words. Shallow processing involves
structural and phonemic recognition, the processing of sentence and word
structure and their associated sounds. This theory was first identified by Fergus I. M. Craik and Robert S. Lockhart.
Brain region activation
Comprehension levels can now be observed through
the use of a fMRI, functional magnetic resonance imaging. fMRIs' are used to
determine the specific neural pathways of activation across two conditions,
narrative-level comprehension and sentence-level comprehension. Images showed
that there was less brain region activation during sentence-level
comprehension, suggesting a shared reliance with comprehension pathways. The
scans also showed an enhanced temporal activation during narrative levels tests
indicating this approach activates situation and spatial processing.
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